%0 Journal Article %J International Journal of e-Business Research %D 2019 %T Choice Overload and Online Approach Behavior %A Tung,Tsun-Yin %A Burns,Leslie %A Koenig,Hal %K Design Program %K Graphic Design %K Marketing %B International Journal of e-Business Research %V 15 %P 56-72 %8 2019 %G eng %N 4 (October-December) %2 a %4 186669064192 %$ 186669064192 %0 Journal Article %J Sustainability %D 2017 %T Effects of Green Self-Identity and Cognitive and Affective Involvement on Patronage Intention in Eco-Friendly Apparel Consumption: A Gender Comparison %A Tung,Tsun-Yin %A Koenig,Hal %A Chen,Hsiou-Lien %K Design Program %K Marketing %B Sustainability %V 9 %8 2017 %G eng %U https://susy.mdpi.com/user/manuscripts/review_info/a93e23e2230a2e241bcbbe93b410b901 %2 a %4 108790247424 %$ 108790247424 %0 Conference Paper %B Association for Consumer Research %D 2017 %T Effects pf Green Self-Identity and Gender Influences on Consumers' Involvement and Patronage Intention in Eco-Apparel Consumption %A Tung,Tsun-Yin %A Koenig,Hal %A Chen,Hsiou-Lien %K Design Program %K Marketing %B Association for Consumer Research %C San Diego, California %8 2017 %G eng %2 b %4 144725282816 %$ 144725282816 %0 Journal Article %J Nutrients %D 2016 %T Reaching Low-Income Mothers to Improve Family Fruit and Vegetable Intake: Food Hero Social Marketing Campaign %A Tobey,Lauren N %A Koenig,Hal %A Brown,Nicole %A Manore,Melinda M %K Marketing %X The objective of this study was to create/test a social marketing campaign to increase
fruit/vegetable (FV) intake within Â鶹´«Ă˝¸ßÇĺ Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
eligible families. Focus groups (n = 2) and pre/post campaign phone surveys (n = 2082) were
conducted in intervention counties (IC) and one control county. Participants were female (86%–100%)
with 1–2 children at home. Mean FV intake/without juice was 3.1 servings/day; >50% preferred the
Internet for delivery of healthy eating information. Participants reported time/financial burdens, low
household FV variety and desirability of frozen/canned FV, and acceptance of positive messages.
A Food Hero (FH) campaign was created/delivered daily August–October 2009 to mothers through
multiple channels (e.g., grocery stores, online, educators). Results showed that the IC had better FH
name recall (12%) and interpretation of intended messages (60%) vs. control (3%, 23%, respectively).
Compared to controls, the IC were less likely to report healthy food preparation as time consuming or
a FV rich diet expensive, and it was easier to get their family to eat fruit. Results did not vary based
on county/household characteristics. The FH campaign increased FH awareness and positive FV
beliefs. A longer campaign with FV assessments will increase understanding of the target audience,
and allow for campaign refinement.
%B Nutrients %V 8 %8 2016 %G eng %U doi:10.3390/nu8090562 %N 9 %2 a %4 133813370880 %$ 133813370880 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing %D 2015 %T Millennials and Boomers: Increasing Alumni Community Affinity and Intent to Give by Target Market Segmentation %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %A DuFault,Beth %K Marketing %X This paper reports on research that seeks to improve our understanding of issues that impact upon the philanthropic gifts of university alumni. Prior research has examined such alumni characteristics as wealth and affinity to the alma mater. Such findings have guided development professionals to conduct different kinds of research that can reveal aspects of affluence (e.g., real estate holdings, professional positions) and institutional engagement (e.g., membership in alumni associations, season tickets to sporting events). This information is housed in databases which can be accessed by the fundraisers. The current research seeks to extend our understanding by examining the potential differences between generations. This article examines survey responses from university alumni in two age cohorts from two large comprehensive universities in the United States. Respondents were asked questions that inquired about their affinity toward their alma mater, intentions to give as well as alumni interest in participating in or attending different events at the university. Significant differences between younger and older alumni were found within each topic. From these results, the importance of market research and applications of alumni segmentation specifically, are discussed for administrators and advancement professionals. %B International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing %V 21 %P 82-95 %8 2015 %G eng %U DOI: 10.1002/nvsm.1544 %2 a %4 107214901248 %$ 107214901248 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %D 2014 %T Advancement in Higher Education: The Role of Marketing in Building Philanthropic Giving Communities %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %A DuFault,Beth %K Marketing %X This paper empirically explores ways in which marketers of higher education can contribute to the important task of cultivating alumni philanthropy. Advancement professionals understand that philanthropy is influenced by wealth and affinity. As marketers, we anticipate that our contribution resides with investments in building affinity. Using survey data that measures the affinity of alumni of a large US university that have been commercially screened to reveal individual wealth, this paper provides empirical evidence of the relative contributions of affinity and wealth to giving. Logistic regression analysis reveals that affinity has a greater impact on predicting the likelihood of giving than other variables, including prior-giving and wealth. Important to marketers, this study emphasizes the importance of building affinity and it also uncovers obstacles to affinity formation. This information can be used to bridge and repair alumni relationships with their alma-mater and inform segmented marketing communications to foster alumni enthusiasm for giving. %B Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %V 24 %P 243-257 %8 2014 %G eng %N 2 %2 a %4 88007968768 %$ 88007968768 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing %D 2012 %T Building Communities of Philanthropy in Higher Education: Contextual Influences %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X In this era of constrained and declining economic resources, institutions of higher education are turning to advancement professionals to identify and cultivate the financial resources that are becoming an increasing and larger portion of the fundamental funding of the institution. In this high stakes arena, advancement professionals have a need for the tools that can assist them in cultivating philanthropic relationships more effectively and efficiently. To that purpose, this research empirically explores ways in which the brand community construct can be adapted to philanthropic intent for non-profit organizations to aid in the cultivation process. This paper presents the results of a survey of college alumni drawn from a commercially provided on-line panel, and examines the potential impact that institutional size may have upon the relationships of an alumni brand community and the community’s expressed willingness to offer financial donations to the alma mater. From a theoretic perspective, this paper reveals that brand community is a significant contributor to this expression of philanthropic intent across universities of differing size. As a practical consideration, our findings produce additional evidence to affirm the notion that brand community is a robust construct that can be of value to development professionals who seek to build financial support for both small and large universities. %B International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing %V 17 %P 122-131 %8 2012 %G eng %N 2 %2 a %4 33856096257 %$ 33856096257 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %D 2010 %T Contextual Influences: Building Brand Community in Large and Small Colleges %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X This research extends recent efforts that have introduced and empirically tested a conceptual model of brand community in the context of higher education. This emerging literature has indicated that brand community provides a framework that can inform and guide marketing investments in ways that lead to affinity and stronger loyalty to the brand and institution. This paper presents the results of a national survey that examines the potential impact that institutional size may have on the relationships of an alumni brand community. This paper also explores the implications of the size of the educational institution on relevant and desired marketing outcomes that include the willingness to recommend the university to friends and family and a desire to purchase licensed apparel %B Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %8 2010 %G eng %2 a %4 20954064897 %$ 20954064897 %0 Generic %D 2007 %T Alumni Giving: Cultivating Connections that Build Commitment %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %K Marketing %B Symposium for the Marketing of Higher Education %C San Diego, CA %8 2007 %G eng %2 c %4 14290022401 %$ 14290022401 %0 Journal Article %J European Journal of Marketing %D 2007 %T Cross-national differences in consumer response to the framing of advertising messages: An exploratory comparison from central Europe %A Orth,Ulrich %A Koenig,Hal %A Firbasova,Zuzana %K Marketing %X This study examines consumer response to positively versus negatively framed advertisements in four Central European countries. Different emotional, cognitive and attitudinal reactions to advertisements for food products were found with respondents in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Testing a comprehensive structural equation model separately for each country revealed differences as well as similarities in how positively and negatively framed advertisements elicited the emotional dimensions downbeat, pleased and attentive, and affected consumer cognitions and attitudes. Across countries, the intertwined roles of emotions and cognitions in affecting consumer attitudinal response were generally confirmed, suggesting cross-cultural robustness of the underlying framework. %B European Journal of Marketing %V 41 %8 2007 %G eng %N 3/4 %2 a %4 647577600 %$ 647577600 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science %D 2007 %T Transcendent Consumption Experience and Brand Community %A Schouten,John %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science %V 35 %P 357-368 %8 2007 %G eng %N 3/Fall %2 a %4 647565312 %$ 647565312 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Educational Advancement %D 2006 %T Building the Relationships of Brand Community in Higher Education: A Strategic Framework for University Advancement %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %A Schouten ,John W. %K Marketing %X Loyal alumni are a mainstay of financial support for many universities. This empirical study of university alumni situates the emerging theory of brand community within the world of university development and advancement. The study measures key relationships that one would expect to find in a healthy university brand community. Most importantly, this research demonstrates the powerful contribution that understanding and managing brand community can make to those interested in the advancement of higher education. We find that integration within a university brand community explains important loyalty-related behaviors such as future donations to the university and the purchase and display of university logo merchandise. %B International Journal of Educational Advancement %V 6 %P 107-118 %8 2006 %G eng %N 2 %2 a %4 647567360 %$ 647567360 %0 Generic %D 2005 %T Brand Community in Higher Education: A Framework for Understanding and Building Loyalty %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %A Schouten,John W %K Marketing %B Symposium for the Marketing of Higher Education %C Chicago, IL %8 2005 %G eng %2 c %4 2721636353 %$ 2721636353 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %D 2004 %T Building a University Brand Community: The Long-Term Impact of Shared Experiences %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %A Schouten ,John W. %K Marketing %X Relationship marketing has made its way into the practices of university administrations. With it have also arrived many problems associated with the aggressive use of CRM technologies. One particularly effective and healthy approach to relationship marketing in higher education is to treat the university, with all of its stakeholders, as a brand community, and to pursue policies and programs to strengthen the relationships that define the community. With this paper, we examine an important class of relationship often neglected in the CRM literature, i.e., the relationships among the customers who support the brand and who ultimately give it its meaning and vitality. Specifically, we explore how the nature of relationships among students affects their long-term loyalty to a university. The results of a telephone survey of university alumni demonstrate the importance of certain types of university experiences on student relationships and, thereafter, on loyalty to their alma mater and their intentions to support the university in the future. %B Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %V 14 %P 61 - 79 %8 2004 %G eng %N 2 %2 a %4 648523776 %$ 648523776 %0 Generic %D 2004 %T A New Direction for Branding %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Corvallis Chamber of Commerce, Business Connection %C Corvallis, OR %8 2004 %G eng %2 c %4 647632896 %$ 647632896 %0 Generic %D 2004 %T A Patriotism Scale and Patriotic-Themed Advertising Post 9/11 ? An Exploratory Experimental Study %A Koenig,Hal %A Duncan,Lisa M. %A Becker,Boris W. %K Marketing %B American Academy of Advertising Conference %C Baton Rouge, LA %8 2004 %G eng %2 c %4 647624704 %$ 647624704 %0 Generic %D 2003 %T Building the Relationships of Brand Community in a Service Setting %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %K Marketing %B American Marketing Association Winter Educators' Conference %C Chicago, IL %8 2003 %G eng %2 c %4 647628800 %$ 647628800 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marketing %D 2002 %T Building Brand Community %A McAlexander,Jim %A Schouten ,John %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X Drawing from ethnographic and quantitative work with owners of Jeep and Harley-Davidson vehicles, the authors examine the phenomenon of brand community as a potential basis for sustainable competitive advantage. The authors develop an expanded conceptualization of brand community and test its usefulness in both theory and practice. A brand community from a customer-experiential perspective is a fabric of relationships in which the customer is centrally situated. Crucial components of the brand community are customers' relationships with the brand, with the firm, with the product in use, and with fellow customers. The relationships that form a brand community develop in contexts that are dynamic and subject to marketing influence. Variables such as geographic concentration, richness of social context, duration of contact, and memberships in multiple or overlapping communities all mediate the experience of community. In this article, the authors examine the influence of brandfests—that is, programs strategically designed to enhance customer experience with the brand—on the many component relationships of a brand community. The results demonstrate that marketers can strengthen brand communities by facilitating shared customer experiences. Finally, this work yields a new and richer conceptualization of customer loyalty as integration in a brand community. According to the analysis, a customer's loyalty to a brand consists of the cumulative and holistic effect of all the relationships the customer experiences as a member of a brand community. %B Journal of Marketing %V 66 %P 38-54 %8 2002 %G eng %N 1 %2 a %4 647575552 %$ 647575552 %0 Generic %D 2002 %T Challenges Relative to Food Safety in School Foodservice %A Koenig,Hal %A Giampaoli,Joan %A Sneed,Jeannie %A Cluskey,Mary %K Marketing %B California Dietetic Association Conference %C Riverside, CA. %8 2002 %G eng %2 c %4 647636992 %$ 647636992 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Private Equity %D 2002 %T Creating Brand Equity Through Strategic Investments %A Mishra,Chandra S. %A Koenig,Hal %A Gobeli,Dave %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %X Brand equity is central to an understanding of the worth of any business, yet it exists in the minds of consumers as a mixture of awareness and image. To measure and understand how this equity is developed, mananged, and enhanced is central to all theories of value creation. This article looks at the concepts of brand identity, brand meaning, brand response, and brand relationship with an eye toward how the measure of brand equity correlates with and is influenced by technology equity, communication equity, and foreign strategic investments. Seventy-seven multinational firms are tracked through the years 1986-1988 and results are reported on based on R&D expenses, advertising costs, and investments in foreign subsidiaries. %B Journal of Private Equity %V 5 %P 45-52 %8 2002 %G eng %N 2 %2 a %4 646094848 %$ 646094848 %0 Journal Article %J European Planning Studies %D 2002 %T The Effect of Social Networks on Resource Access and Business Start-Ups %A Jenssen,Jan Inge %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B European Planning Studies %V 10 %P 1039-1046 %8 2002 %G eng %N 8 %2 a %4 647571456 %$ 647571456 %0 Generic %D 2002 %T The Future of Branding %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Seed Research of Â鶹´«Ă˝¸ßÇĺ, Summer Turf Conference %C Corvallis, OR %8 2002 %G eng %2 c %4 647634944 %$ 647634944 %0 Generic %D 2002 %T Intercustomer Relationships and Service Experiences: An Empirical Exploration %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %K Marketing %B American Marketing Association Winter Educator's Conference %C Chicago, IL %8 2002 %G eng %2 c %4 647626752 %$ 647626752 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Child Nutrition & Management %D 2002 %T School Foodservice Directors' Attitudes and Perceived Challenges to Implementing Food Safety and HACCP Programs %A Giampaoli,Joan %A Sneed,Jeannie %A Cluskey,Mary %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X Food safety is an important part of providing school children with acceptable, safe, and nutritious meals. There is evidence that improvements are needed in the area of food safety in schools, and that few schools have implemented Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) programs. The purposes of this study were to determine the attitudes of school foodservice directors toward food safety and the use of HACCP programs in school foodservice and to identify the challenges to implementing food safety and HACCP programs.A focus group was conducted to generate a list of challenges to implementing food safety and HACCP programs. As a result, a three-part written questionnaire was developed. For Part 1, school foodservice directors' attitudes toward food safety and HACCP programs were determined. For Part 2, the challenges to implementing food safety and HACCP were investigated. For Part 3, demographic information about directors and their districts was collected. Questionnaires were mailed to a randomly selected national sample of 800 district school foodservice directors. A total of 461 questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 58%. Factor analysis was conducted on 11 attitude and 19 challenge statements to determine any underlying factors. The significant factors that emerged for the attitude scale were HACCP disadvantages, certification advantages, and certification disadvantages. Three significant factors emerged for the challenges scale: resource management, employee motivation, and employee confidence. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine relationships among variables. The school foodservice directors responding to the questionnaire either did not perceive the challenges identified by the focus group as problematic in their district, or they were unsure if these challenges impacted their district. In general, the directors had a positive attitude about food safety and the use of HACCP programs in their districts. However, the majority (70%) of directors did not have a HACCP program in place, and many were unsure of what HACCP was or how to apply it in their operations. In response to an open-ended question about how food safety could be improved in their district, 29% of the directors indicated that they needed more time and 22% indicated that more money was needed for training. Other areas mentioned included improved employee attitudes and incentives, facilities/equipment modifications, increased staffing, and more training. It is apparent that school foodservice directors need assistance in developing and implementing HACCP programs. Mentoring of younger school foodservice directors and providing HACCP resource materials would support HACCP implementation. %B Journal of Child Nutrition & Management %V 26 %8 2002 %G eng %U http://docs.schoolnutrition.org/newsroom/jcnm/02spring/ %N 1 %2 a %4 647579648 %$ 647579648 %0 Generic %D 2001 %T Enhancing Technology Management Through Alliances %A Gobeli,Dave %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B Technology Management in the Knowledge Era, Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology %8 2001 %G eng %2 c %4 646117376 %$ 646117376 %0 Generic %D 2001 %T Enhancing the E-Business Value Sequence Through R&D %A Gobeli,Dave %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology %C Portland, OR %8 2001 %G eng %2 c %4 646111232 %$ 646111232 %0 Generic %D 2001 %T Food Safety and HACCP Challenges in School Foodservice %A Koenig,Hal %A Giampaoli,Joan %A Sneed,Jeannie %A Cluskey,Mary %K Marketing %B American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Conference, Foodservice Systems Management Education Council Research Reports %C St. Louis, MO %8 2001 %G eng %2 c %4 647639040 %$ 647639040 %0 Generic %D 2001 %T Teaching Practices Related to Customer Service Dimensions: A Study of Dietetics Educators %A Koenig,Hal %A Schneider,Connie L. %A Cluskey,Mary %K Marketing %B American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Conference, Foodservice Systems Management Education Council Research Reports %C St. Louis, MO %8 2001 %G eng %2 c %4 647641088 %$ 647641088 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %D 2001 %T University Experiences, the Student-College Relationship, and Alumni Support %A McAlexander,Jim %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X University administrators have begun to more aggressively adopt many of the techniques associated with relationship marketing. This would seem like a perfect strategy for a university as loyal alumni can do such things as offer personal recommendations to help build enrollments, participate in alumni functions, purchase universitybranded products, and enroll in professional education courses. However, there are many unexamined questions regarding the nature and impact of alumni relationships with the university. This paper explores the impacts of the alumni-university relationship and alumni assessments of their college experiences on important expressions of loyalty. A sample of alumni who had graduated three to eight years prior to the study completed a telephone survey. The results provide support for the impact of these variables on current behavior and behavioral intentions. Implications of these findings for university marketers are discussed. %B Journal of Marketing for Higher Education %V 10 %P 21-43 %8 2001 %G eng %N 3 %2 a %4 647569408 %$ 647569408 %0 Generic %D 2001 %T University Experiences, the Student-College Relationship, and Survey %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Student Affairs Assessment Showcase, Â鶹´«Ă˝¸ßÇĺ %C Corvallis, OR %8 2001 %G eng %2 c %4 647630848 %$ 647630848 %0 Generic %D 2000 %T Impact of R&D on Performance %A Gobeli,Dave %A Mishra,C. %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B Financial Management Association Conference %C Seattle, WA %8 2000 %G eng %2 c %4 646113280 %$ 646113280 %0 Generic %D 1999 %T Strategic Value of Technology and Brand Equity %A Gobeli,Dave %A Mishra,C. %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B International Conference on Valuation of Intangible Assets in Global Operations %C New Jersey %8 1999 %G eng %2 c %4 646121472 %$ 646121472 %0 Generic %D 1999 %T Two Stage Internalization Framework for Multinational Corporations %A Gobeli,Dave %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B Academy of International Business Conference %C South Carolina %8 1999 %G eng %2 c %4 646123520 %$ 646123520 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Product Innovation Management %D 1998 %T Managing Conflict in Software Development Teams: A Multi-Level Analysis %A Gobeli,Dave %A Koenig,Hal %A Bechinger ,Iris %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %X For a new product development (NPD) organization, a little conflict can be a good thing. Healthy disagreements can push project team members or different functional groups in an organization to pursue more in-depth, insightful analysis. This type of creative tension can help to engender an environment that encourages innovation and thus keeps NPD efforts free from the business-as-usual doldrums. However, management must ensure that conflict remains on a healthy level.David H. Gobeli, Harold F. Koenig, and Iris Bechinger note that conflict must be managed not only to increase the satisfaction of project team members, but also to achieve strategic project success. To provide better understanding of the important issues in conflict management, they examine the effects of three conflict factors on software development project success: context, conflict intensity, and conflict management style. Using survey responses from 117 software professionals and managers, they develop a multi-level framework of success versus conflict for team-based, software development projects. Within this framework, they examine context, conflict intensity, and conflict management approaches at the team and organization levels. For the participants in this study, unresolved conflict has a strong, negative effect on overall software product success and customer satisfaction. Project team member satisfaction decreases substantially with higher intensity conflict at the organization level, and even more strongly at the project level. For the respondents to this study, the combined effects of conflict intensity and conflict management style on project success are significant, but they are not as great as the combined effects of such context variables as company goals, group dynamics, and management support. Two conflict management styles—confronting and give and take—have beneficial effects on success at the organization level for the firms in this study. Smoothing, withdrawal, and forcing all have negative effects, although only forcing has a statistically significant negative effect. In general terms, the results suggest that management should guard against frequent use of the dysfunctional management styles—withdrawal, smoothing, and forcing. The results suggest that emphasis on confrontation—that is, true problem solving—is essential at the project level, even if a give-and-take style is better tolerated at the organization level. %B Journal of Product Innovation Management %V 15 %P 423-435 %8 1998 %G eng %N 5 %2 a %4 647587840 %$ 647587840 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Product Innovation Management %D 1998 %T Managing Conflict in Software Development Teams: A Multi-Level Analysis %A Gobeli,Dave %A Koenig,Hal %A Bechinger ,Iris %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %X For a new product development (NPD) organization, a little conflict can be a good thing. Healthy disagreements can push project team members or different functional groups in an organization to pursue more in-depth, insightful analysis. This type of creative tension can help to engender an environment that encourages innovation and thus keeps NPD efforts free from the business-as-usual doldrums. However, management must ensure that conflict remains on a healthy level.David H. Gobeli, Harold F. Koenig, and Iris Bechinger note that conflict must be managed not only to increase the satisfaction of project team members, but also to achieve strategic project success. To provide better understanding of the important issues in conflict management, they examine the effects of three conflict factors on software development project success: context, conflict intensity, and conflict management style. Using survey responses from 117 software professionals and managers, they develop a multi-level framework of success versus conflict for team-based, software development projects. Within this framework, they examine context, conflict intensity, and conflict management approaches at the team and organization levels. For the participants in this study, unresolved conflict has a strong, negative effect on overall software product success and customer satisfaction. Project team member satisfaction decreases substantially with higher intensity conflict at the organization level, and even more strongly at the project level. For the respondents to this study, the combined effects of conflict intensity and conflict management style on project success are significant, but they are not as great as the combined effects of such context variables as company goals, group dynamics, and management support. Two conflict management styles—confronting and give and take—have beneficial effects on success at the organization level for the firms in this study. Smoothing, withdrawal, and forcing all have negative effects, although only forcing has a statistically significant negative effect. In general terms, the results suggest that management should guard against frequent use of the dysfunctional management styles—withdrawal, smoothing, and forcing. The results suggest that emphasis on confrontation—that is, true problem solving—is essential at the project level, even if a give-and-take style is better tolerated at the organization level. %B Journal of Product Innovation Management %V 15 %P 423-435 %8 1998 %G eng %N 5 %2 a %4 647587840 %$ 647587840 %0 Generic %D 1997 %T Product Success and Conflict in the Software Industry %A Koenig,Hal %A Bechinger,Iris %A Gobeli,Dave %K Marketing %K Strategy & Entrepreneurship %B College of Business Friday Seminar Series %C Corvallis, OR %8 1997 %G eng %2 c %4 647677952 %$ 647677952 %0 Generic %D 1997 %T Researching Customer Interests and Market Opportunities %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Marketing Section- Professional Management Institute %C Corvallis, OR %8 1997 %G eng %2 c %4 647675904 %$ 647675904 %0 Generic %D 1996 %T Marketing Research: An Overview %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Â鶹´«Ă˝¸ßÇĺ Association of Convention and Visitor Bureaus' Fall Conference %C Corvallis OR %8 1996 %G eng %2 c %4 647663616 %$ 647663616 %0 Generic %D 1995 %T Information Technology in the Classroom: What Can You Do Today, What Might You Do Tomorrow? %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Western Marketing Educators' Association Conference %C San Diego, CA %8 1995 %G eng %2 c %4 647643136 %$ 647643136 %0 Generic %D 1995 %T Marketing ” Beyond the Spit %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Llama Association of North America Expo and Conference %C Boise, ID %8 1995 %G eng %2 c %4 647665664 %$ 647665664 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Research in Marketing %D 1995 %T Measuring the sources of marketing channel power: A comparison of alternative approaches %A Brown,James R. %A Johnson,Jean L. %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X Researchers have employed two alternative approaches in measuring the sources of marketing channel power: (1) an indirect assessment through assistances and punishments and (2) a direct measurement of each specific power source. This study compares empirically the construct validity of both approaches. The results indicate that the reliability, the content validity, the within-method and across-method convergent validity, and the discriminant validity of both approaches are acceptable. While the a priori dimensionality of the direct approach was recovered, a dimension not hypothesized was found for the indirect approach to power source measurement. Because the direct power source measures were significantly related to the attributions of power while the indirect ones were not, the direct approach demonstrated better nomological validity. We were not, however, able to assess the impact of shared methods variance upon the validity of these measurement approaches. Overall, the direct approach to measuring the sources of marketing channel power appears to have greater construct validity. %B International Journal of Research in Marketing %V 12 %P 333-354 %8 1995 %G eng %N 4 %2 a %4 647589888 %$ 647589888 %0 Generic %D 1994 %T Evaluating Formal Student Writing %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Writing Intensive Curriculum Faculty Seminar %C Corvallis, OR %8 1994 %G eng %2 c %4 647680000 %$ 647680000 %0 Journal Article %J Public Opinion Quarterly %D 1994 %T Mail Response Rate Patterns in a Population of Elderly: Does Response Deteriorate With Age? %A Kaldenberg,Dennis O. %A Koenig,Hal %A Becker ,Boris W. %K Marketing %X The article presents information on a study conducted by the researchers to examine whether the rate and quality of response to a mail survey, directed to the elderly, is in any way affected by the age of the potential respondent. Quality of the responses, in this context, is defined as the percent of missing responses to different question formats and the extent to which the questionnaires for given age groups are completed by a proxy. In this study a random sample of size 1,000 was drawn from a population of 23,000 retired public employees in the files of an insurance services provider based in a large western city. The results of this study indicated that age, within an elderly population, does have a significant impact on response rate to a mail questionnaire. On average, the response rate fell more than 0.5 percentage points for each unit of measure of age. The influence of age on response quality is less clear. For four of the five question formats, a significant positive relationship was found between age and amount of missing data. %B Public Opinion Quarterly %V 58 %P 68-76 %8 1994 %G eng %N 1 %2 a %4 647593984 %$ 647593984 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Health Care Marketing %D 1994 %T The Measurement of Service Quality in Healthcare: An Examination of Dental Practices %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %K Marketing %B Journal of Health Care Marketing %P 34-40 %8 1994 %G eng %2 a %4 28691116033 %$ 28691116033 %0 Journal Article %J Hospital & Health Services Administration %D 1994 %T Perceptual Measures of Quality: A Tool to Improve Nursing Home Systems %A Koenig,Hal %A Kleinsorge,Ilene %K Accounting %K Marketing %B Hospital & Health Services Administration %V 39 %P 487-503 %8 1994 %G eng %N 4 %2 a %4 647591936 %$ 647591936 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Health Care Marketing %D 1994 %T Service Quality Measurement %A McAlexander,Jim %A Kaldenburg ,Dennis %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X Extending the research on service quality in health care, the authors examine the efficacy of four models for measuring service quality and conclude that SERVPERF methods are superior to SERVQUAL methods. Their study found that dental patients' assessments of overall service quality were strongly influenced by assessments of provider performance. Furthermore, an examination into the causal order between perceptions of overall service quality and patient satisfaction reveals such strong reciprocal influences that it's impossible to conclude that one empirically precedes the other. Finally, the authors found that purchase intentions are influenced by both patient satisfaction and patient assessments of overall service quality. %B Journal of Health Care Marketing %V 14 %P 34-41 %8 1994 %G eng %2 a %4 648540160 %$ 648540160 %0 Journal Article %J Marketing Education Review %D 1994 %T When Knowledge Levels Vary, Why Not Try Hypermedia %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X A percentage of students believe that the final exam is the signal to forget what was taught in prerequisite classes. This can be a serious problem when subsequent courses rely on this information. However, with some imagination and time, an instructor can create an hypermedia tutorial for review that students actually might enjoy using. Hypermedia applications are not used widely in many disciplines, but are accepted readily by a generation of students raised on television, and are an effective method for presenting different types of information and providing both supplemental and remedial information to students. The author discusses hypermedia and provides several ideas that could be developed into hypermedia supplements for marketing classes. In addition, he discusses an application used in an upper division class and presents student reaction. The author concludes with a brief discussion of hardware, software, and lime commitment required to develop hypermedia applications. %B Marketing Education Review %V 4 %P 36-44 %8 1994 %G eng %N 1 %2 a %4 647596032 %$ 647596032 %0 Generic %D 1993 %T Antecedents of Power in a Channel of Distribution %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B AMA Winter Educators' Conference %C Newport Beach, CA %8 1993 %G eng %2 c %4 647645184 %$ 647645184 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Education for Business %D 1993 %T Applying Total Quality Management to Business Education %A Brown,Daniel J. %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %X The experience of gathering feedback from students to implement total quality management (TQM) strategies in collegiate business school is discussed. The faculty found the TQM approach to be useful for recognizing needed improvements. %B Journal of Education for Business %V 68 %P 325-329 %8 1993 %G eng %N 6 %2 a %4 647598080 %$ 647598080 %0 Generic %D 1993 %T Attracting and Retaining Dental Patients %A Koenig,Hal %A McAlexander,Jim %K Marketing %B DMC Professional Services Program, Â鶹´«Ă˝¸ßÇĺ %C Corvallis, OR %8 1993 %G eng %2 c %4 647667712 %$ 647667712 %0 Journal Article %J Advancing the Consumer Interest %D 1993 %T Shopping for Trouble: Experiences of Compulsive Buyers %A Koenig,Hal %A Friese,Susanne %K Marketing %B Advancing the Consumer Interest %V 5 %P 24-29 %8 1993 %G eng %N 1 %2 a %4 647600128 %$ 647600128 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Health Care Marketing %D 1991 %T The Silent Customers: Measuring Customer Satisfaction in Nursing Homes %A Koenig,Hal %A Kleinsorge,Ilene %K Accounting %K Marketing %X This article presents a research which focuses on customer satisfaction in the health care industry, which has recently shown a heightened awareness of and new interest in quality issues. The research was conducted within a regulated business sector and nursing homes. The purpose of our research is to assist an administrator in such an effort by developing a customer satisfaction survey that could be used by nursing home administrators to measure, on an ongoing basis, the satisfaction of both the nursing home residents and the family members, appointed custodians and concerns friends (FCFs). Focus groups were used to identify quality/satisfaction dimensions from the perspective of nursing home residents and FCFs, these are a cost efficient way to solicit information from participants. Using the participants' statements, we developed statements related to the six dimensions. Four of the dimensions pertain to groups in the home: nurses and aides, administrators, dietary, and housekeeping. The fifth dimension is the amount of empathy exhibited by the staff and the final dimension pertains to a variety of issues related to the home environment. As a result of the licensing power of the state, the ultimate consumers (residents) and FCFs are commonly overlooked. Often nursing home administrators become so caught up in trying to satisfy the state that the satisfaction of the ultimate customers goes unmeasured and in many instances is ignored. %B Journal of Health Care Marketing %V 11 %P 2-13 %8 1991 %G eng %N 4 %2 a %4 647602176 %$ 647602176 %0 Generic %D 1990 %T An Introduction to LISREL %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Presentation to the College of Business Faculty %C Corvallis, OR %8 1990 %G eng %2 c %4 647682048 %$ 647682048 %0 Generic %D 1990 %T One Step Toward Better Understanding Channel Relationships: Tie Strength %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B AMA Winter Educators' Conference %C Chicago, IL %8 1990 %G eng %2 c %4 647649280 %$ 647649280 %0 Generic %D 1990 %T Tie Strength: A New Wrinkle on an Old Friend %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B International Sunbelt Social Network Conference %C San Diego, CA %8 1990 %G eng %2 c %4 647647232 %$ 647647232 %0 Generic %D 1989 %T Measuring Customer Perceptions of the Quality of Service in your Family Business %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Family Business Conference %C Corvallis, OR %8 1989 %G eng %2 c %4 647669760 %$ 647669760 %0 Generic %D 1989 %T Relationship vs. Transaction Marketing %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Business Basics Day, Family Business Conference %C Corvallis, OR %8 1989 %G eng %2 c %4 647671808 %$ 647671808 %0 Generic %D 1988 %T Understanding the Consultant-Client Relationship %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B Meeting of the Geertsen Line, Mary Kay Cosmetics %8 1988 %G eng %2 c %4 647673856 %$ 647673856 %0 Generic %D 1987 %T Assessing Unidimensionality, Discriminant and Convergent Validity: A New Approach in Marketing %A Koenig,Hal %A Hampton,Ronald %A Brown,James R. %K Marketing %B Academy of Marketing Science Conference %C Miami, FL %8 1987 %G eng %2 c %4 647651328 %$ 647651328 %0 Generic %D 1986 %T The Bases of Marketing Channel Power: A Comparison of Alternative Measures %A Koenig,Hal %A Brown ,James R. %A Johnson,Jean L. %K Marketing %B AMA Summer Educators' Conference %C Chicago, IL %8 1986 %G eng %2 c %4 647653376 %$ 647653376 %0 Generic %D 1985 %T The Bases of Marketing Channel Power: An Exploration and Confirmation of Their Underlying Dimensions %A Koenig,Hal %A Johnson,Jean L. %A Brown,James R. %K Marketing %B AMA Summer Educators' Conference %C Washington, D.C. %8 1985 %G eng %2 c %4 647655424 %$ 647655424 %0 Generic %D 1985 %T The Effects of Power Utilization on Interorganizational Relations %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B AMA Winter Educators' Conference %C Phoenix, AZ. %8 1985 %G eng %2 c %4 647659520 %$ 647659520 %0 Generic %D 1985 %T Meta-Analysis on the Relationship Between Satisfaction and Manifest Conflict in Marketing Channels %A Koenig,Hal %A Smith,Laurie P. %K Marketing %B AMA Summer Educators' Conference %C Washington, D.C. %8 1985 %G eng %2 c %4 647657472 %$ 647657472 %0 Generic %D 1984 %T The Bases of Power: Their Effect Upon Retailer's Perceptions of Uncertainty %A Koenig,Hal %A Kroeten ,Terrence T. %A Brown,James R. %K Marketing %B AMA Summer Educators' Conference %C Chicago, IL %8 1984 %G eng %2 c %4 647661568 %$ 647661568 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management %D 1984 %T Environmental Uncertainty Regarding Inventory Ordering: Its Behavioral Consequences in a Distribution Channel %A James,Brown R. %A Lusch ,Robert F. %A Koenig,Hal %K Marketing %B International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management %V 14 %P 19-36 %8 1984 %G eng %N 3 %2 a %4 647604224 %$ 647604224